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Standards

Volumetric Video Experiences

Visual Volumetric Video-based Coding (V3C, ISO/IEC 23090-5) is the MPEG framework for compressing volumetric video; it underpins Video-based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) and MPEG Immersive Video (MIV). This page lists the relevant MPEG-I parts and their release status. For how V3C works, see the Technology page. For the editions and status of these specifications, see Editions and status below.

5G-MAG follows this MPEG family so that volumetric and immersive assets can be delivered on the same 5G media pipelines as conventional video, and tracks the related Beyond 2D Video Experiences evaluation work (see the Beyond 2D Video Experiences: Specifications page).

At a glance
  • Base: V3C, ISO/IEC 23090-5, with carriage and storage in ISO/IEC 23090-10.
  • Profiles: V-PCC, within ISO/IEC 23090-5, and MIV, ISO/IEC 23090-12.
  • Editions: ISO/IEC 23090-5 has editions of 2021, 2023 and 2025; MIV was published in 2023, with a second edition under development.
  • Out of scope: G-PCC (ISO/IEC 23090-9) does not use the V3C bitstream structure.

Specifications​

The specifications in the scope of Volumetric Video (V3C), grouped by the role each one plays. Part 5 (V3C and V-PCC) is the core coding framework; Part 10 specifies carriage and storage of the coded data; Part 12 (MIV) applies the framework to multi-view immersive video; the 5G Media Streaming specifications carry the result.

SpecificationTitleLayer
ISO/IEC 23090-5:2025Information technology: Coded representation of immersive media - Part 5: Visual volumetric video-based coding (V3C) and video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC)the V3C base bitstream and the V-PCC profileCoding
ISO/IEC 23090-9:2023Information technology - Coded representation of immersive media - Part 9: Geometry-based point cloud compressionG-PCC, the geometry-based sibling codec to V-PCC (23090-5), named for comparison in the shared tech deep-dive page; Edition 1, March 2023Coding
ISO/IEC 23090-12Information technology - Coded representation of immersive media - Part 12: MPEG immersive videothe MIV profile, an extension of the V3C baseCoding
ISO/IEC 23090-10Information technology - Coded representation of immersive media - Part 10: Carriage of visual volumetric video-based coding dataISOBMFF storage and DASH-based streamingStorage and carriage
ISO/IEC 14496-12ISO base media file format (ISOBMFF)the container ISO/IEC 23090-10 builds onStorage and carriage
ISO/IEC 23090-20Conformance testing for V3C with V-PCCConformance and reference software
ISO/IEC 23090-25Conformance and reference software for carriageConformance and reference software
TS 26.5015G Media Streaming (5GMS); General description and architectureused to transport V3C DASH presentationsDelivery over 5G
TS 26.5125G Media Streaming (5GMS); Protocolsused to transport V3C DASH presentationsDelivery over 5G

Specifications by profile​

MPEG factored the shared V3C machinery into a single base specification and defined two application profiles on top of it:

  • V-PCC (Video-based Point Cloud Compression), specified within ISO/IEC 23090-5.
  • MIV (MPEG Immersive Video), specified in ISO/IEC 23090-12 as an extension of the V3C base.

A separate but related MPEG approach, Geometry-based Point Cloud Compression (G-PCC, ISO/IEC 23090-9), does not use the V3C bitstream structure and is outside the V3C scope tracked on this page.

Editions and status​

ISO/IEC 23090-5 has progressed through successive editions (2021, 2023, and 2025); the entry in the Specifications list links to the edition currently referenced by 5G-MAG. ISO/IEC 23090-10 (carriage) was first published in 2022 with a subsequent amendment (support of packed video data) and a technical corrigendum. MIV (ISO/IEC 23090-12) was published in 2023, with a second edition under development in MPEG. Implementers should confirm the exact edition and any amendments against the ISO catalogue for the feature set they rely on.